![]() Documentation of the status of research, ever since the publication of William Gilbert’s de Magnete in 1600, has provided the foundation for future discoveries to thrive. This important contribution to magnetism and more importantly to science in general will lead us into the next millennium. These include: 1) the discovery of bulk ferro- and ferrimagnets based on organic/molecular components with critical temperature exceeding room temperature 2) the discovery that clusters in high, but not necessarily the highest, spin states, because of a large magnetic anisotropy or zero field splitting, have a significant relaxation barrier that traps magnetic flux enabling a single molecule/ion (cluster) to act as a magnet at low temperature 3) the discovery of materials with large negative magnetization 4) spin-crossover materials with large hysteretic effects above room temperature 5) photomagnetic and 6) electrochemical modulation of the magnetic behavior 7) the Haldane conjecture and its experimental realization 8) quantum tunneling of magnetization in high-spin organic molecules 8) giant and 9) colossal magnetoresistance effects observed for 3D network solids 10) the realization of nanosized materials, such as self-organized metal-based clusters, dots and wires and 11) the development of metallic multilayers and 12) spin electronics for the applications. In the past few years our understanding of magnetic materials, thought to be mature, has enjoyed a renaissance as it has been expanded by contributions from many diverse areas of science and engineering. Hence, research groups worldwide are targeting the preparation and study of new magnets especially in combination with other technologically important features, such as electrical and optical properties. Magnets are already an important component of the economy with worldwide sales of approximately $30 billion, twice those of semiconductors. New substances and composites including nanostructured materials are envisioned for innumerable areas including magnets for the communication and information sectors of our economy. The development, characterization, and technological exploitation of new materials, particularly as components in “smart” systems, are key challenges for chemistry and physics in the next millennium. KG, Neustadt Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany. Composition: EDV-Beratung Frank Herweg, Leutershausen. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form - by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means - nor transmitted or translated into machine language without written permission from the publishers. ![]() All rights reserved (including those of translation in other languages). Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP Cataloguing-in-Publication-Data A catalogue record for this publication is available from Die Deutsche Bibliothek ISBN 2-3 © WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim (Federal Republic of Germany). Library of Congress Card No.: applied for A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate. Nevertheless, editors, authors and publisher do not warrant the information contained therein to be free of errors. de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg 23 Rue du Loess 67037 Strasbourg Cedex France Magnetism: Molecules to Materials I Models and Experiments Edited by Joel S. Raithby (Eds.) Metal Clusters in Chemistry 1999. ![]() Fendler (Ed.) Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Films 1998. ![]() KGaA Copyright ISBNs: 2-3 (Hardback) 4-1 (Electronic) Miller and Marc Drillon c 2002 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
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